Ninth Edition CoverGraziano & Raulin
Research Methods (9th edition)

Chapter 11 Exercises
Correlated-Groups and Single-Subject Designs

The following exercises are designed to give you hands-on practice of the skills learned in this chapter.

  1. Think of some conditions in which you would use a within-subjects rather than a between-subjects design. Briefly describe a study for each. What are the major potential confounding variables for each, and how would you control for them?

  2. Describe a hypothetical within-subjects study with four conditions, where subject effects may be a problem. How might you control for this potential confounding factor?

  3. Identify several research questions where you would expect very strong carry-over effects and, therefore, would not want to use a within-subjects design.

  4. List all possible orders of presentation of conditions for a study with two conditions, with three conditions, and with four conditions.

  5. In counterbalancing, how many possible orders of presentation are there in an experiment with three conditions? With five conditions? With six conditions? Is counterbalancing the order of presentation feasible with a large number of conditions in an experiment?