Lillian Moller Gilbreth (1878-1972) received the first Ph.D. awarded in the new field of Industrial-Organizational Psychology (1915, Brown University). She and her husband, Frank Gilbreth, developed approaches to time and motion study in industry (Gilbreth & Gilbreth, 1916).
They later achieved considerable popular renown from the book written by two of their children (Gilbreth & Carey, 1949, Cheaper by the Dozen) and a subsequent motion picture based on that book.