Ninth Edition CoverGraziano & Raulin
Research Methods (9th edition)

Chapter 9 True/False Questions
Controls to Reduce Threats to Validity

Challenge yourself with these true/false questions. Click on your choice to see if you are correct.

  1. Control procedures are needed to counteract threats to validity. (True/ False)

  2. Every possible control procedure must be included in an experiment if it is to be a valid experiment. (True/ False)

  3. Controls are most fully developed at the experimental level of research. (True/ False)

  4. The type of validity concerned with the adequacy of conclusions about null hypotheses is called statistical validity. (True/ False)

  5. External validity concerns the ability to generalize results from a study to a larger population. (True/ False)

  6. In a threat to internal validity, it is the dependent variable that is confounded. (True/ False)

  7. The threat to external validity is the same as the threat to construct validity. (True/ False)

  8. Controls are necessary only at the experimental level of research. (True/ False)

  9. Careful preparation of the setting is an example of control through experimental design. (True/ False)

  10. When some uncontrolled factor offers an alternative explanation of the results, it is called confidence. (True/ False)

  11. Response measurement and replication are examples of general control procedures. (True/ False)

  12. Repeating an experiment as nearly as possible to the original is called exact replication. (True/ False)

  13. Double-blind procedures will improve external validity. (True/ False)

  14. Automation is another procedure for reducing experimenter-participant contact. (True/ False)

  15. Using multiple observers is a way of improving construct validity in nearly all experimentation. (True/ False)

  16. Deception in experimentation is unethical and should never be employed. (True/ False)

  17. If deception is to be used in research, then the ethical safeguard is to include a debriefing session with the participant. (True/ False)

  18. In psychology, as contrasted with chemistry, subjective measures are preferred in research. (True/ False)

  19. Marlatt's balanced placebo design employs deception. (True/ False)

  20. The larger group of all events or organisms in which we are interested is known as the ad hoc population. (True/ False)

  21. The accessible population is the group to which we have access. (True/ False)

  22. When the characteristics in the population are found in the sample in the same proportion as in the population, then we have a representative sample. (True/ False)

  23. Random sampling can be done only by use of a table of random numbers. (True/ False)

  24. Ad hoc samples are always randomly drawn. (True/ False)

  25. Stratified random sampling involves drawing from subpopulations. (True/ False)

  26. Unbiased participant assignment is critical at all levels of research. (True/ False)

  27. Matching procedures are best used when we have a large number of participants. (True/ False)

  28. In any experiment, the protection of internal validity is of major importance. (True/ False)

  29. The single-group, pretest-posttest design is a true experiment. (True/ False)

  30. Experiments must have at least two levels of the independent variable. (True/ False)

  31. In experimentation, the task is to answer questions about causality. (True/ False)